{"id":32520,"date":"2023-10-10T14:48:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T12:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/nieuws\/data-security-en-privacy-in-smart-buildings-mensen-zijn-de-zwakste-schakel\/"},"modified":"2024-12-04T13:49:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T12:49:46","slug":"data-security-en-privacy-in-smart-buildings-mensen-zijn-de-zwakste-schakel","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/news\/data-security-en-privacy-in-smart-buildings-mensen-zijn-de-zwakste-schakel\/","title":{"rendered":"Data security and privacy in smart buildings: \u201cPeople are the weakest link\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<header id=\"header\" class=\"header header--low header--branch\">\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"header__background header__background--graphic\"><\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"header__content\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"header__first\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"header__title\" >\n\t\t\t\t\tData security and privacy in smart buildings: \u201cPeople are the weakest link\u201d\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"header__dots-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"431\" height=\"9\" viewbox=\"0 0 431 9\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M430.799 4.192a1.136 1.136 0 1 1-2.272-.001 1.136 1.136 0 0 1 2.272 0Zm-27.272 0a1.135 1.135 0 1 1-2.27 0 1.135 1.135 0 0 1 2.27 0Zm-27.27 0a1.136 1.136 0 1 1-2.272-.001 1.136 1.136 0 0 1 2.272 0Zm-27.272 0a1.39 1.39 0 1 1-2.78 0 1.39 1.39 0 0 1 2.78 0Zm-27.78 0a1.645 1.645 0 1 1-3.29 0 1.645 1.645 0 0 1 3.29 0Zm-28.29 0a1.9 1.9 0 1 1-3.799 0 1.9 1.9 0 0 1 3.799 0Zm-28.799 0a2.154 2.154 0 1 1-4.308 0 2.154 2.154 0 0 1 4.308 0Zm-29.308 0a2.41 2.41 0 1 1-4.819 0 2.41 2.41 0 0 1 4.819 0Zm-29.819 0a2.663 2.663 0 1 1-5.326.001 2.663 2.663 0 0 1 5.326-.001Zm-30.327 0a2.919 2.919 0 1 1-5.837 0 2.919 2.919 0 0 1 5.837 0Zm-30.837 0a3.173 3.173 0 1 1-6.345.001 3.173 3.173 0 0 1 6.345 0Zm-31.346 0a3.428 3.428 0 1 1-6.856 0 3.428 3.428 0 0 1 6.856 0Zm-31.856 0a3.683 3.683 0 1 1-7.365 0 3.683 3.683 0 0 1 7.365 0Zm-32.365 0a3.937 3.937 0 1 1-7.875 0 3.937 3.937 0 0 1 7.875 0Zm-32.874 0a4.192 4.192 0 1 1-8.384 0 4.192 4.192 0 0 1 8.384 0Z\" fill=\"#FFF960\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"header__second\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"header__branch-logos\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gebouw-automatisering.svg\" class=\"header__branch-logo\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n\t<div class=\"header__meta\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"header__meta__category\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"header__meta__detail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>Branch<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/kennishub\/?_branches_kennishub=gebouw-automatisering\" class=\"header__meta__detail--branch\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBuilding Automation\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"header__meta__detail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div>Subject<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/kennishub\/?_onderwerp_kennishub=beveiliging\" class=\"header__meta__detail--categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSecurity\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/kennishub\/?_onderwerp_kennishub=gebouw-automatisering\" class=\"header__meta__detail--categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBuilding Automation\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/kennishub\/?_onderwerp_kennishub=smart-solutions\" class=\"header__meta__detail--categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSmartSolutions\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"text bg--white\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text__content text__content--1-col\">\n\t\t\t<p><strong>Smart buildings bring many benefits. They make our environment comfortable, safer and efficient. But the increased connectivity of devices to the cloud also makes buildings vulnerable to cyber attacks. Cybersecurity in smart buildings is therefore necessary to keep data safe and to ensure the privacy of the users. Together with Elena Chochanova and Tousif Rahman from TNO, we look at the challenges in protecting data. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>By: Eline te Velde<\/p>\r\n<p>To highlight the importance of data security and privacy in smart buildings, Chochanova and Rahman developed a framework for data security, privacy &amp; ethics in smart buildings. The framework is part of the results of the Brains for Buildings project and includes a step-by-step plan with recommendations. \u201cThe project started two and a half years ago with the aim of using big data to improve comfort, sustainability and energy consumption of smart buildings. The question of what privacy, ethics and security mean for smart buildings plays an important role in this,\u201d says Chochanova.<\/p>\r\n<h4><strong>IT and OT connectivity <\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p>Chochanova explains that securing smart buildings requires a new way of thinking: \u201cHistorically, the Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) domains are very different: IT is completely in the digital world, but OT is in contact with the physical world. They were therefore strictly separated by a literal &#039;air gap&#039;. But as technology develops, for example through the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, they become increasingly interconnected. This exposes OT to external influences and now also needs to be secured against cyber attacks, not just against physical threats. And IT security principles cannot simply be applied to OT systems. This makes it considerably more complicated to secure. You have to think of other solutions.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p><em>\u201cIT security principles cannot simply be applied to OT systems. This makes it considerably more complicated to secure. You have to come up with other solutions.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p>The TNO researchers emphasize that the connection to the internet is a weak spot. \u201cThe architecture usually shows a division, the part inside the building and outside. Everything in the building is under your control, here you can take various security measures. As soon as the data is connected to the internet, the outside world, it becomes more complicated.\u201d Rahman adds: \u201cMake sure you ask the party that stores your data enough questions. Where do you store the data? What about security? Are you certified? Do you make backups? People tend to go for the cheapest option, but think carefully when it concerns data.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>In addition to increased connectivity, it is also not always clear who is responsible for the data from buildings. \u201cIt would be good to record the responsibility, for example as part of procedures. If it is clear who the data belongs to, it is also easier to manage and trace. Traceability in data is one of the most important points when it comes to security.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<h4><strong>The weakest link<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p>The increased connectivity is a weak link in the system, but not the weakest. That is the human being. People make mistakes: someone forgets to change a password, uses a &#039;wrong&#039; USB stick or clicks on a link in a phishing email. To prevent this, training and education are essential, as Rahman explains: \u201cThere is always a risk that people make mistakes, but of course awareness and training are very important. Especially to teach people what they are protecting. Because if you know the value, if you know what you are protecting, then you see the importance of it.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p><em>\u201cThere is always a risk that people make mistakes, but of course awareness and training are very important. Especially to teach people what they are protecting. Because if you know the value, if you know what you are protecting, then you see the importance of it.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p><strong>Recommendations<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>As part of the framework, Chochanova and Rahman have formulated ten steps to build better cyber resilience. The first step is risk assessment. You can\u2019t make a security plan without assessing the risks, the researchers say. \u201cIt should be clear that the risks for a nuclear power plant are different than for a hotel. However, a hotel is also not safe from cyber attacks, and can easily fall prey to ransomware, for example,\u201d Chochanova notes. She refers to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/01\/30\/world\/europe\/hotel-austria-bitcoin-ransom.html\"><strong>a hotel in the austrian alps<\/strong><\/a>, where the electronic key system was hacked. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>After the risk analysis, the recommendation is to create a risk mitigation plan and establish policies and procedures. Step five focuses on the risk of people. Training and awareness are essential to minimize risk. Awareness goes beyond insight into the collected data and risks, it also involves knowledge of your own system: \u201cIt is almost too easy to make a connection these days. It would be a shame if you put a lot of money and effort into securing your building and connections, but then unknowingly connect a new sensor that sends signals directly to the internet. That way, you roll out the red carpet for bad actors.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p><strong><em>Brains for Buildings (B4B) is an innovation project focused on developing methods to utilize data from smart meters, building management systems and IoT devices. By giving buildings a brain, so to speak, building owners and users are enabled to make better decisions. Want to know more about the project? Then visit <\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/brains4buildings.org\/\"><strong><em>the Brains for Buildings website<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em> or <\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/brains4buildings.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/B4B-WP4-D4.05-Privacy-security-and-ethics-framework.pdf\"><strong><em>read more<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em> about the privacy, ethics and security framework.<\/em><\/strong><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"articles bg--offwhite automatic\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"container\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"articles__header\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='heading-wrapper'><svg width=\"13\" height=\"13\" viewbox=\"0 0 13 13\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"6.394\" cy=\"6.5\" r=\"6.394\" fill=\"#000\"\/><\/svg><h2>Related articles<\/h2><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/profiel\/fhi-federatie-van-technologie-branches\/\" class=\"button button--outline\">view profile<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-grid post-grid--no-padding\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\n<a class=\"single-item single-item__articles\" href=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/en\/news\/digital-connectivity-in-sourcing-our-partner-mouser-electronics\/\" data-id=\"33845\">\n\t<div class=\"single-item__articles-icon\">\n\t\t<svg width=\"103\" height=\"103\" viewbox=\"0 0 103 103\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M49.5 98.9587V82.3076C33.3844 81.2758 20.6328 67.878 20.6328 51.5019C20.6328 35.1258 33.3844 21.728 49.5 20.6962V4.04134C24.1941 5.08952 4 25.9365 4 51.5C4 77.0635 24.1941 97.9105 49.5 98.9587ZM53.5 78.2983V61.8096H76.3238C72.5238 70.9498 63.8222 77.5397 53.5 78.2983ZM49.5 78.298V61.8096H26.681C30.4804 70.9484 39.1799 77.5377 49.5 78.298ZM47.0728 57.8096H25.3773C24.8906 55.7865 24.6328 53.6743 24.6328 51.5019C24.6328 37.3358 35.5955 25.7301 49.5 24.7058V37.013H34.0466C33.2709 37.013 32.5653 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29.873V9.22852C17.5 4.698 13.759 1.02539 9.22852 1.02539Z\" stroke=\"#2A5CEE\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"single-item__articles-title\"><div class='heading-wrapper'><h3>Speed up Time-To-Market for Medical Device Innovation<\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"single-item__articles-terms\">\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"button button--outline single-item__articles-term--branche single-item__articles-term\">Medical Technology<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"button button--outline single-item__articles-term--branche single-item__articles-term\">Industrial Electronics<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"button button--outline single-item__articles-term--branche single-item__articles-term\">Electronics manufacturing<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"button button--outline single-item__articles-term--branche single-item__articles-term\">Legislation and regulations<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div 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src=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626.jpg\" class=\"attachment- size-\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-1620x1080.jpg 1620w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-576x384.jpg 576w, https:\/\/fhi.nl\/app\/uploads\/2024\/04\/8ce218ee66df5b4ed2dc0af68573d626-425x283.jpg 425w, 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